TanStack Query v5: Mastering the useQuery Syntax and Efficient Data Fetching in React TypeScript

Are you struggling with the new useQuery syntax in TanStack Query v5? Or are you facing issues with fetching data efficiently in your React TypeScript application? Worry no more! In this comprehensive guide, we’ll dive into the world of TanStack Query v5 and explore the best practices for using the useQuery hook, error handling, and data fetching strategies.

What’s new in TanStack Query v5?

TanStack Query v5 brings a slew of exciting features and changes to the popular data fetching library. One of the most significant updates is the redesigned useQuery hook, which simplifies the way we fetch and manage data in our React applications. But with great power comes great responsibility – understanding the new syntax and best practices is crucial to avoiding common pitfalls and performance issues.

The useQuery Hook: A Game-Changer in Data Fetching

import { useQuery, useQueryClient } from '@tanstack/react-query';

function App() {
  const { data, error, isLoading } = useQuery(
    ['todos'], // key
    async () => {
      const response = await fetch('/api/todos');
      return response.json();
    }
  );

  if (isLoading) return 
Loading...
;
  if (error) return 
Error: {error.message}
;

  return (
    

      {data.map((todo) => (
        
{todo.title}
      ))}
    
  );
}

In the example above, we’re using the useQuery hook to fetch a list of todos from our API. The first argument is the key, which uniquely identifies the data in the cache. The second argument is the function that fetches the data, which can be an async function or a promise.

Error Handling with useQuery

Error handling is an essential aspect of data fetching, and TanStack Query v5 makes it easy to handle errors with the useQuery hook. By default, useQuery will retry failed requests up to three times before throwing an error. You can customize this behavior by passing an options object to the useQuery hook:

import { useQuery } from '@tanstack/react-query';

function App() {
  const { data, error, isLoading } = useQuery(
    ['todos'],
    async () => {
      const response = await fetch('/api/todos');
      return response.json();
    },
    {
      retry: 5, // retry failed requests up to 5 times
      retryDelay: 1000, // wait 1 second before retrying
    }
  );

  if (isLoading) return 
Loading...
;
  if (error) return 
Error: {error.message}
;

  return (
    

      {data.map((todo) => (
        
{todo.title}
      ))}
    
  );
}

In this example, we’re configuring the useQuery hook to retry failed requests up to 5 times, with a 1-second delay between retries.

Data Fetching Strategies with useQuery

TanStack Query v5 provides several data fetching strategies to optimize performance and reduce the number of requests made to your API. Here are some common strategies:

• Caching: TanStack Query v5 provides an automatic caching mechanism that stores fetched data in memory. This means that if the user navigates away from a page and comes back, the data will be fetched from the cache instead of making a new request to the API.
• Stale-while-revalidate: This strategy fetches stale data from the cache while simultaneously revalidating the data in the background. This approach ensures that the user sees the latest data as soon as possible.
• Cache-first: This strategy fetches data from the cache first, and if the data is not available, it makes a request to the API. This approach reduces the number of requests made to the API and improves performance.

You can configure the data fetching strategy by passing an options object to the useQuery hook:

import { useQuery } from '@tanstack/react-query';

function App() {
  const { data, error, isLoading } = useQuery(
    ['todos'],
    async () => {
      const response = await fetch('/api/todos');
      return response.json();
    },
    {
      cacheTime: 1000 * 60 * 5, // cache data for 5 minutes
      staleTime: 1000 * 60 * 1, // stale data after 1 minute
    }
  );

  if (isLoading) return 
Loading...
;
  if (error) return 
Error: {error.message}
;

  return (
    

      {data.map((todo) => (
        
{todo.title}
      ))}
    
  );
}

In this example, we’re configuring the useQuery hook to cache data for 5 minutes and stale data after 1 minute.

Best Practices for useQuery and Error Handling

Here are some best practices to keep in mind when using the useQuery hook and error handling in TanStack Query v5:

1. Use meaningful keys: Make sure to use meaningful and unique keys for your data to avoid cache collisions.
2. Always handle errors gracefully by providing a meaningful error message to the user.
3. Ensure that your fetch functions are pure and don’t have any side effects.
4. Configure caching and stale-while-revalidate strategies wisely to optimize performance and reduce the number of requests made to your API.
5. Use the useQueryClient hook to invalidate and refetch data when necessary.

Common issues with useQuery and Fetching Data

Here are some common issues you might encounter when using the useQuery hook and fetching data in TanStack Query v5:

Issue	Solution
Data not updating after refetching	Make sure to use the useQueryClient hook to invalidate and refetch data.
Cache not updating after data changes	Configure caching wisely and use the stale-while-revalidate strategy.
Make sure to handle errors gracefully by providing a meaningful error message to the user.
Data fetching too slow	Optimize your API and use caching and stale-while-revalidate strategies to reduce the number of requests made to your API.

By following these best practices and understanding the new useQuery syntax, you’ll be well on your way to mastering data fetching and error handling in TanStack Query v5.

Conclusion

In this article, we explored the new useQuery syntax in TanStack Query v5, error handling strategies, and data fetching best practices. By applying these concepts to your React TypeScript application, you’ll be able to fetch data efficiently, handle errors gracefully, and provide a better user experience. Remember to keep your fetch functions pure, configure caching wisely, and handle errors gracefully to avoid common pitfalls and performance issues.

Happy coding, and don’t forget to optimize your data fetching strategy for a faster and more efficient user experience!

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